Dutch Parliamentary Elections 2025 Report

AI Forensics, working with the Hybrid Election Integrity Observatory and four partner organizations, monitored political ad repositories and platform activity on Meta, TikTok, Snapchat, and X, alongside voluntary self-reporting databases, in the run-up to the Netherlands' October 2025 parliamentary elections.

The monitoring documented foreign-coordinated campaigns targeting Dutch political pages, far-right content spreading through cross-border networks on X, and an AI-generated anti-immigration song that charted on the Dutch Top 50 and gained traction on TikTok. Researchers also found AI-generated violent imagery targeting politicians and minority groups, livestreams containing death threats and racist or antisemitic content, and rising engagement with election-fraud conspiracy narratives. On the platform side, Meta and Google restricted political advertising in response to transparency rules while other platforms applied policies unevenly, ad libraries remained incomplete, and content reported through official channels was not removed despite apparently violating stated policies.

The report concludes that coordinated manipulation, new AI-driven disinformation tactics, and weak platform enforcement combined to undermine election integrity, compounded by gaps in Dutch and EU regulatory access to platform data.