Online Hate & Harassment Targeting Public Figures and Influencers on Instagram in Jordan
Analyzes the scale and nature of hate and harassment directed at public figures and influencers on Instagram in Jordan.
Executive summary
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The study analyzed online hate and harassment directed at Jordanian public figures and influencers on Instagram over a 12-month period, coding comments for indicators of physical, emotional, psychological, social or economic harm and for incitement to hostility or discrimination.
It found pronounced gender disparities: women received disproportionately sexualized and appearance-focused abuse, while men were more often targeted with mockery of masculinity or competence, frequently delivered as humor. Individuals who did not conform to dominant gender norms faced elevated hostility across categories, and a recurring pattern involved religiously framed harassment invoking divine punishment or enforcing respectability norms. At its most severe, the abuse included explicit threats of violence, encouragement of suicide, and references to honour-based violence.
The report concludes that this hostility is systematic rather than episodic, reflecting broader cultural norms around gender and public visibility, and presents ongoing challenges for content moderation and platform governance in the region.
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